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2014-10-10 Fri

#1992. Milroy ˤ쳰Ūװؤʸ [language_change][causation][sociolinguistics][contact]

Ѳˤ쳰ŪװȸŪװˤĤơܥ֥Ǥ ##443,1232,1233,1582,1584,1977,1978,1986 ʤɤεǵǶǤϡ#1986. Ѳ multiple causation 뤤 "synergy" ([2014-10-04-1]) Ǥƹͤ쳰ŪװνŦرĤˡ˯1 James Milroy 롥Milroy ϡΤˤС쳰ŪװŻ뤹ȤϡѲˤüԤä˽Ż뤹ԤǤ롥ָѲפȤηϤΤȤʤ褦ʸϤޤ깥ޤüԤˤפȤʹ֤ΤȤʤ褦ʸ֡"On the Role of the Speaker in Language Change" ꤹ Milroy ʸɤ
Milroy (144) ϡ褪ӸԤθѲˤơŪװǥեȤװǤȤǧ꤬ŪǤ뤳ȤŦƤ롥

The assumption of endogeny, being generally the preferred hypothesis, functions in practice as the default hypothesis. Thus, if some particular change in history cannot be shown to have been initiated through language or dialect contact involving speakers, then it has been traditionally presented as endogenous. Usually, we do not know all the relevant facts, and this default position is partly the consequence of having insufficient data from the past to determine whether the change concerned was endogenous or externally induced or both: endogeny is the lectio facilior requiring less argumentation, and what Lass has called the more parsimonious solution to the problem.


ԶѹդʴطơŪװȸ쳰ŪװƱ̤֤ȤǤʤ뤤Ϥ˿ʤƸ쳰ŪװǥեȤȤ뤳ȤǤʤȤΤ Milroy λǤºݤΤȤξԤΥХ󥹤ɤ٤ΤΤʤΤʬʤΥХ󥹤϶ŪʸѲλˤĤƤʬʤȤ¿ŪˤϤʤʬʤǡΥХ󥹤ǤѤ뤿ˡMilroy ξװδͿȤȤΩΤäƤ褦˻פ롥Milroy (148) ۩

. . . seemingly paradoxically --- it happens that, in order to define those aspects of change that are indeed endogenous, we need to specify much more clearly than we have to date what precisely are the exogenous factors from which they are separated, and these include the role of the speaker/listener in innovation and diffusion of innovations. It seems that we need to clarify what has counted as 'internal' or 'external' more carefully and consistently than we have up to now, and to subject the internal/external dichotomy to more critical scrutiny.


Τϡ⻿Ǥ롥ʤʤƱͤ˻ŪʼήɤΡҲ˸ؤȼҲؤȤŪǤꡤߤʬβǽȸ³ʬθ³ȲǽľܴؤȹͤƤ롥
Milroy (156) ʸνǡ쳰ŪװνŻϡɬ⤽켫ΤʳŪ˱뤳ȤϤǤοǰǤȼ᤯äƤ롥

There may be no empirical way of showing that language changes independently of social factors, but it has not primarily been my intention to demonstrate that endogenous change does not take place. The one example that I have discussed has shown that there are some situations in which it is necessary to adduce social explanations, and this may apply very much more widely. I happen to think that social matters are always involved, and that language internal concepts like 'drift' or 'phonological symmetry' are not explanatory . . . .


ѤκǸ˼Ƥή (drift) ʤüԺߤθѲؤȽˤĤƤϡǽŪεȴϢơ#837. Ѳˤ therapy or pathogeny ([2011-08-12-1])#1549. Why does language change? or Why do speakers change their language? ([2013-07-24-1])#1979. ѲŪˤĤƺƹ͡ ([2014-09-27-1]) ⻲Ȥ줿

Milroy, James. "On the Role of the Speaker in Language Change." Motives for Language Change. Ed. Raymond Hickey. Cambridge: CUP, 2003. 143--57.

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