01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
ε#2010. Ѥϸʣ狼 ([2014-10-28-1]) ǰѤ Moravcsik ϡɤΤ褦ʸबѤ䤹ʤɡѤˤĤŪʹͻäƤ롥#902. Ѥ䤹ܡ ([2011-10-16-1])#1780. ܿȼѤμ١ ([2014-03-12-1])#1989. ǽŪʴߤѤμ١ ([2014-10-07-1]) Ǥ夲Ѽ (scale of adoptability) Ǥ롥
Moravcsik (110--13) ϡѤζȤ7ܤƤ롥ʲιܤʬΤߤվȴФ
(1) No non-lexical language property can be borrowed unless the borrowing language already includes borrowed lexical items from the same source language.
(2) No member of a constituent class whose members do not serve as domains of accentuation can be included in the class of properties borrowed from a particular source language unless some members of another constituent class are also so included which do serve as domains of accentuation and which properly include the same members of the former class.
(3) No lexical item that is not a noun can belong to the class of properties borrowed from a language unless this class also includes at least one noun.
(4) A lexical item whose meaning is verbal can never be included in the set of borrowed properties.
(5) No inflectional affixes can belong to the set of properties borrowed from a language unless at least one derivational affix also belongs to the set.
(6) A lexical item that is of the "grammatical" type (which type includes at least conjunctions and adpositions) cannot be included in the set of properties borrowed from a language unless the rule that determines its linear order with respect to its head is also so included.
(7) Given a particular language, and given a particular constituent class such that at least some members of that class are not inflected in that language, if the language has borrowed lexical items that belong to that constituent class, at least some of these must also be uninflected.
äƤޤäǤꡤ䤱ʣʰݤͿ뤬줾פȤФǸȤǤϤʤľŪˤ⤢ʤȤǤꡤŤ Haugen Thomason and Kaufman ŦƤतδްռ (implicational_scale) ؤθڤǤ롥(1) ϡùܤμѤʤùܡʸˡܤʤɡˤΤߤѤ뤳ȤϤꤨʤȤ(2) ϡ«Ǥޤ༫ͳŵŪˤϸˤΩƼѤ뤳ȤϤʤȤ(3) ϡ̾μѤʤ̾ΤߤѤ뤳ȤϤꤨʤȤ(4) ϡư줬Ọ̇̄ΤޤݤäޤѤ뤳ȤϤʤȤ㤨СܸΡ֥ܥåȤפʤɤϥưλ٤ư첽ƤΤǤꡤѸư boycott ΤޤưȤѤƤ櫓ǤϤʤˡ(5) ϡǤμѤʤǤΤߤѤ뤳ȤϤꤨʤȤ(6) ϡ㤨ֻβỌ̇̄ΤߤѤ졤֤Ȥ쵬§ΤϼѤʤȤȤϤꤨʤȤʤĤޤꡤֻѤƤʤ顤ֻȤѤȤ褦ϤʤȤˡ(7) ϡǤ̵¸ߤˤ⤫餺¾줫μѸϰ̵ǤϤꤨʤȤϤʤȤ
Moravcsik ϰʾиŪƳФ줿ΤȤƤ뤫顤θθȿ㤬ĤʤѹɬפȤʤϤǤ롥ˤ Moravcsik Ƥ϶ˤƹ¤ŪʡŪȯۤ˴ŤǤꡤߤθܿǽŻ뤵ƤѼԸĿͤο䤽νĤμҲŪʤɤδϤܴۤ˼ξݤƤcf. #1779. ܿ٤ȼͽ¬ɸ ([2014-03-11-1])ˡȤлʤΤŪؤδؿƤȤϤΤΡ¤Ūʻˤȿ;ϤϻĤƤΤǤϤʤȤפΩ줫顤ްռ٤εҤ̲ƤȤǤ
Moravcsik, Edith A. "Language Contact." Universals of Human Language. Ed. Joseph H. Greenberg. Vol. 1. Method & Theory. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1978. 93--122.
2026 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2025 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2024 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2023 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2022 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2021 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2020 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2019 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2018 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2017 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2016 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2015 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2014 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2013 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2012 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2011 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2010 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
2009 : 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
ǽ: 2026-06-26 03:46
Powered by WinChalow1.0rc4 based on chalow