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2011-10-08 Sat

#894. shortening ʬ (2) [word_formation][graphemics][punctuation][spelling_pronunciation][shortening]

ε#893. shortening ʬ (1) ([2011-10-07-1]) ˰³ƤꡥHeller and Macris ϡûȽ񵭾ûߴطˤĤƤ롥㤨Сabsent without official leave AWOL /ˈeɪwɑl/ ؤûˤϡ񵭤δ鼡4ʳǧ롥

1. 񵭾û A.W.O.L; ȯ absent without official leave Τޤޡ
2. ûʥե٥åɤߤ /ˈeɪ ˈdʌbljuː ˈoʊ ˈɛl/
3. 񵭾ûʥԥꥪɤAWOL ء
4. ûʸȤ /ˈeɪwɑl/

Ƚ񵭤ϤΤ褦˽۴Ū˺ѤûʤǹԤΤȹͤ롥4ʳβɬĴ˿ܤȤϸ¤ʤߤûȿǤʤäꡤǻߤޤȤȤ⤢롥Heller and Macris ϡshortening βȽ񵭤˴ؤ뤳θʤ顤Ҳ𤷤෿˲äơ⤦1̼෿󼨤Ƥ (208) û񵭾ˤɤΤ褦ȿǤƤ뤫ʤȤǤ롥

A. No mark: he is (for /hiz/)
B. Abbreviation points (for orthographical shortenings only): C.O.D. (when still read cash on delivery)
C. Apostrophes (usually the orthographical marks reflecting the earlier phonological shortenings): o'clock

Ⱥεdz⤷Ƥ褦ʾܺ٤̩ shortening ʬϡȤ⤹ʬΤʬȼ㤨붲줬뤬ŪʷʬϤΤߤʤ餺̻ŪʱѸθˤȤäƤפǤ롥ŦƤ

(1) ŪʬϡʬϤΤʴͿѻ򸦤ޤƤƱ˸ȤɤǤġ
(2) Ūʴ§СŪѰ̻ۤŪѲΥפˤäưۤʤäƤΤ̤ηΤΤ뤳ȤǤ롥
(3) Ѹʤɤθ̸˸ꤷƤ⡤ˤäơshortening μ̤̻ŪˤɤѲƤΤ餫ˤ뤳ȤǤ롥ѲϲѲѲȤɤΤ褦ϢưƤΤ뤤ϢưƤʤΤȤˤ뤳ȤǤ롥

Heller, L. G. and James Macris. "A Typology of Shortening Devices." American Speech 43 (1968): 201--08.

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