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ѸεŪȯǤϡthe ˤ3ȯ̤롥Ҳ˸Ȥ [ðə]첻˸Ȥ [ði]ĶȤ̵ط˶ȤƤ [ðiː] Ǥ롥ʤΤ褦ʬۤˤʤäƤΤŪʵǤۤŪĴͤ롥ϡˤϻäƤʤĴ٤줿ϰϤǷаޤ𤷤
Dobson (457) ˤȡthe ˤϽѸ줫ȯ줿褦Ǥ롥κ[ðe] ŪʼäȤƤ [ðiː] ϤۤɰŪǤϤʤäԤĹƺ줿 [ðeː] 䡤Ԥûƺ줿 [ði] ⸽ƤĶˤƷʬۤˤĤƤ Dobson ϸڤƤʤȤƤ [ðe] 첻岽Ƹߤ [ðə] ȹͤ뤬줬ĺΤȤäΤϤ褯ʬʤμ嶯Ω礹ʤǡǽŪ˸ߤʬۤ夤ȤȤʤΤ
첻 [ði] ˤĤƤܤаޤǤ롥Ѹ첻 the 첻æ (elision) 뷹äȤ𤵤Ƥ롥ϡѸˤ̤˸줿 proclitic ʸݤǤ[2011-06-22-1]ε#786. ܸܸפȡˡJespersen (187--88) ꡤϢʬѤ褦
6.13 A final e was soon lost before a word beginning with a vowel . . . . A special case of this is the loss . . . in the, e.g. th' array, th' angel, th' engyn (Ch.), þarrke (Orrm). The elision in the was very frequent in early ModE; it occurs constantly in Hart's phonetically written prose texts (see H.'s Pron. p. 112, 122), and is shown on any page of Elizabethan poetry, where it is more frequently indicated in the original editions than in most modern ones. D 1640 speaks of the elision as used especially by lawyers. It is curious that Milton elided the chiefly before stressed vowels, and Pope chiefly before unstressed ones (Abbott, Concordance to Pope XIV); the reason lies perhaps in the growing tendency to a full pronunciation of the before a vowel in natural prose, though E 1765 recognizes th' Omnipotent as less stiff than 'thyomnipotent' used by some (thy = [ðj]). Now the elided form is sometimes used archaically in poetry, but not in colloquial language, except perhaps vulgarly; the Cockney stories "Thenks awf'ly" have th'air, th'ether (other), th'id (head), etc.
th' Omnipotent 'thyomnipotent' ӤƤȤȤϡ첻Ǥ [ði] ̤ʹƤȤξںȤʤºݤˤϡ첻 [i] ǤϤʤȾ첻 [j] ȯ줿ȤСelision Ʊ̡ʤΤ1ᾯʤȤ̤뤳Ȥˤʤ롥θ̤ϡ[i] ι첻ΤǤꡤ첻 [ðə] ʤդˡ첻 [ði] ޤ줿ͳΤǤϤʤ
ƲνиȯãʬۤˤĤƤϡŪˤʬʤȤ¿˸ߤʬۤ夯˻äȤ櫓ָߤʬۡפȤϡֵŪʸߤʬۡפˤʤҼǤ椯ΤǤСѸΩ֤뤤Ω֤ϡѸˤѤƤȸ롥LPD3 εҤȤ줿
The English as a foreign language learner is advised to use ðə before a consonant sound (the boy, the house), ði before a vowel sound (the egg, the hour). Native speakers, however, sometimes ignore this distribution, in particular by using ðə before a vowel (which in turn is usually reinforced by a preceding ʔ), or by using ðiː in any environment, though especially before a hesitation pause. Furthermore, some speakers use stressed ðə as a strong form, rather than the usual ðiː.
Dobson, E. J. English Pronunciation 1500-1700. 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Oxford: OUP, 1968.
Jespersen, Otto. A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles. Part 1. Sounds and Spellings. 1954. London: Routledge, 2007.
Wells, J C. ed. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. 3rd ed. Harlow: Pearson Education, 2008.
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