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2012-09-25 Tue

#1247. ɸѸϸ෿ŪˤꤽˤʤѼǤ [standardisation][typology][personal_pronoun][negative][inflection][3sp]

ε#1246. Ѹɸಽȵϼδط ([2012-09-24-1]) ǡѸɸಽ̵ռμʲǤȤ Hope θҲ𤷤Hope ϤƤθ̷⤹롤ѸɸಽˤޤĤԼƱ˻ŦƤ롥ɸಽβΤΤϿ͡ΡּפǡָŪפʱĤߤʤΤη̤ȤƤɸѸϸ෿ŪˤϺǤ⤢ꤽˤʤԼʡѼǤȤHope (52--53) ϡȤ4󤲤Ƥ롥

(1) 3ñ -s ݻ෿ŪˤϺǤݻˤåȤ˶޸ĤäƤ롥եɸʤɡ٤ŪʸǤ⤳ΥåȤǤ̵ɸѤ롥
(2) Զѹդʿ;̾ηϡʲɽȡˡѸ ([2009-10-25-1])Ѹ졤νǤϡ꤭줤ηϤߤ롥(cf. thou / you, you / youse, you / you-all; [2010-10-08-1]ε#529. ɸѼ2;ʣ̾פ򻲾ȡ)

singularIshe / he / it
singular / pluralyou
pluralwethey


(3) what ȤƤѤƤʤطȤƤѤƤʤȡǤϴطȤƤѤ롥
(4) ԻѡǤѽФ##124,301,549 ε򻲾ȡ

ۤˤ⡤ɸŪֻȤơ-d, -'d, -t, -'t Τ褦ȯ˶ᤤΤǤϤʤष¿ξȯȤϤΥ줿 -ed Ф줿ʤɤ󤲤Ƥ (Hope 54--55 [fn. 8]) ෿ŪԼʸˡܤ󤲤ȤǡHope (53) ϼΤ褦˽Ҥ٤Ƥ롥

Thus, in each case, Standard English arrives at a typologically unusual structure, while non-standard English dialects follow the path of linguistic naturalness. One explanation for this might be that as speakers make the choices that will result in standardisation, they unconsciously tend towards more complex structures, because of their sense of the prestige and difference of formal written language. Standard English would then become a 'deliberately' difficult language, constructed, albeit unconsciously, from elements that go against linguistic naturalness, and which would not survive in a 'natural' linguistic environment.


͡ɸಽܻؤ̵ռβΤʤǡ෿ŪˤϤʤʡԼʸŪʤΤȤ̤Ȥơؤ֤Τ񤷤¦ˤȤäƤ϶ΤʶΤԹΤ褤˸ηϤǤꡤ顤ϤƳؤԤϰΤȤĬʤϼޤΤȤ
Τˡ˵󤲤줿ʸˡܤϡ෿ŪˤꤽˤʤΤΤ褦˻פ롥ȿȤСɤθ෿Ūˤ䤹ʸˡܤФǹƤ櫓ǤϤʤġιܤߤʿѤΰæϤǤ⤢षΤ褦ʰæäƤϤ෿ȤͤޤϤȤƤ⡤Hope ΡֽŪ̵ռˤҤͤϴߤ롥ε[2012-09-24-1]Ǥɸಽȵϼν̤ĴºݤΤȤξԤδطȤǤ

Hope, Jonathan. "Rats, Bats, Sparrows and Dogs: Biology, Linguistics and the Nature of Standard English." The Development of Standard English, 1300--1800. Ed. Laura Wright. Cambridge: CUP, 2000. 49--56.

Referrer (Inside): [2018-08-23-1] [2012-11-09-1]

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